版权声明：此文章如需转载请联系听云College团队成员阮小乙，邮箱：ruanqy#tingyun.com
无web.xml搭建web工程就是要将一般用web.xml配置的类及参数用编程的方式实现。用Annotation的方式可实现无xml化，或是减少一些xml配置。这里只是一个java web工程一般的配置，简单的可启用的web工程。给大家做个参考，大家要是有更复杂的需求可以在些基础上做添加。
工程是用maven建立的，我用的是apache-maven-3.0.5先看一眼pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?> <project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>demo</groupId> <artifactId>demo</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>demo Maven Webapp</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <build> <finalName>demo</finalName> </build> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId> <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>4.2.1.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>4.2.1.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>4.2.1.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> <version>4.2.1.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.17</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.3.2-b02</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <profiles> <profile> <id>jdk-1.8</id> <activation> <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault> <jdk>1.8</jdk> </activation> <properties> <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target> <maven.compiler.compilerVersion>1.8</maven.compiler.compilerVersion> </properties> </profile> </profiles> </project>
工程目录结构如下：
DefaultConfigration.java 为工程起动类。
要实现org.springframework.web.
WebApplicationInitializer接口的onStartup 方法。
内容如下：
package com.demo.common;
import java.util.EnumSet;
import javax.servlet.DispatcherType;
import javax.servlet.FilterRegistration;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRegistration;
import org.springframework.web.WebApplicationInitializer;
import org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener;
import org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet;
public class DefaultConfigration implements WebApplicationInitializer {
@Override
public void onStartup(ServletContext context) throws ServletException {
//以annotation的方式装来加载配置
AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext rootContext = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
//扫描spring的配置类。
rootContext.scan("com.demo.common");
context.addListener(new ContextLoaderListener(rootContext));
//添加DispatcherServlet
ServletRegistration.Dynamic dispatcher = context.addServlet("dispatcher", new DispatcherServlet(rootContext));
dispatcher.setLoadOnStartup(1);
//设置servlet mapping
dispatcher.addMapping("/");
// Set whether this servlet should dispatch an HTTP OPTIONS request to the #doService method.
dispatcher.setInitParameter("dispatchOptionsRequest", "true");
// Set whether this servlet should dispatch an HTTP TRACE request to the #doService method.
dispatcher.setInitParameter("dispatchTraceRequest", "true");
dispatcher.setAsyncSupported(true);
// 设置编码
CharacterEncodingFilter encodingfilter = new CharacterEncodingFilter();
encodingfilter.setEncoding("UTF-8");
encodingfilter.setForceEncoding(true);
FilterRegistration.Dynamic encodingfilterDynamic = context.addFilter("encodingfilter", encodingfilter);
encodingfilterDynamic.addMappingForServletNames(EnumSet.of(DispatcherType.REQUEST), true, "dispatcher");
// 加载国际化消息
context.setInitParameter("javax.servlet.jsp.jstl.fmt.localizationContext", "message");
}
}SpringConfig.java,自己定义的类，主要用以bean的方式加载spring的配置。
内容如下：
package com.demo.common;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportResource;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;
//声明spring要加载类中的以@bean标注的bean
@Configuration
// 支持mvc
@EnableWebMvc
// 相当于<context:component-scan>
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.demo")
// 加载.properties配置文件
@PropertySource("classpath:sys-conf.properties")
// 加载.xml如果没有使用到额外的.xml配置文件，则无需加载
@ImportResource({ "classpath:spring-config.xml" })
public class SpringConfig {
@Autowired
Environment env;
@Bean
// 设置 InternalResourceViewResolver. 为跳转页面自动加上前缀及后缀
public InternalResourceViewResolver jspViewResolver() {
InternalResourceViewResolver jspViewResolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
// 前缀
jspViewResolver.setPrefix("/jsp/");
// 后缀
jspViewResolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
return jspViewResolver;
}
@Bean
// 加载配置文件，加载之后，可以在 @ImportResource({ "classpath:*.xml" })导入的文中使用占位符${}
public PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer placeholderConfigurer() {
PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer placeholderConfigurer = new PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer();
placeholderConfigurer.setFileEncoding("UTF-8");
// 用ClassPathResource的方式加载
placeholderConfigurer.setLocations(new ClassPathResource("sys-conf.properties"));
return placeholderConfigurer;
}
}WebConfig.java实现
org.springframework.web.servlet.config.
annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter
用来自定义一些sprngmvc关于web的配置。如需配置，可直接重写其相关的方法。
Global.java主要是用做存放全局变量。在这里只演示如何加载*.properties中的值
内容如下：
package com.demo.common;
import java.util.HashMap;
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
//@Component会自动导入SpringConfig.java中已经加载过的*.properties文件内容到 Environment中。
@Component
public class Global {
@Autowired
Environment env;
public static int KEY_PAGE_ROWS = 12;
// 定义允许上传的文件扩展名
public static final HashMap<String, String> uploadExtMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
@PostConstruct
public void init() {
KEY_PAGE_ROWS = Integer.parseInt(env.getProperty("page.rows", "12"));
}
}TestController.java用来做测试的Controller,内容如下：
package com.demo.controller;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class TestController {
@RequestMapping(value = "/hw")
public String hello(HttpServletRequest request, Model model) throws IOException {
model.addAttribute("hello", "Hello World!");
return "hello";
}
}工程启动后可访问：http://localhost/demo/demo.html
http://localhost/demo/hw.do
分享到微信
分享到微博
